No, this will not help. If the wheels turned in, then rather than rolling they will slide. Minimum stopping distance is achieved when the brakes are applied with just enough force to almost but not quite cause the tires to start sliding. Once the tires start to slide, the braking effect is reduced and you wind up with a longer stopping distance. This is the reason for anti-lock brakes. Turning the tires in would also cause a loss of steering control, which would be a major hazard.

Stopping distance can be improved by increasing friction with the road surface. In a severe emergency perhaps wide contact pads mounted on rods could be fired from the undersurface of the vehicle with an explosive device similar to the explosive activation of air bags. This solution is subject to accidents by unintential activation so there have to be safety devices to minimize this.

Just for clarity (not really an argument here), maximum tractive force in tires is achieved in a slight skid. The ratio between the tire speed and ground speed varies by tire. Drag slicks, for instance, usually don't have full traction until the ratio drops to 75-80 percent or so (sometimes, way lower). Consumer tires don't have much of a ratio at all, as they are geared for longevity rather than traction. Anti-lock brakes can be easily outperformed by manual brakes and a skilled driver in dry conditions, but not always in wet (where one tire loses traction far earlier than all the others, causing a sort of traction loss snowball effect). Ironically, anti-lock brakes haven't had a significant impact on passenger car safety, only in trucks. Passenger cars aren't driven by professional drivers, and get into situations nothing but luck will get them out of.

Re - Pads:

You want a rotating relationship between your braking device and the ground - that means for best braking, you need no toe (tires pointed in or out) in your front suspension. It depends on the specific tire, but a skidding tire has about 1/3rd of the traction a rolling tire does. Thus, if you want to slow a car down, you need small, wide tires with a very soft compound. Adding to the problem is weight transfer and squat, which forces all the weight (and thus braking force) to the front tires. Improving a car's suspension and weight management will improve braking, but most drivers get nervous when they drive a really responsive car. The car might be the best tool in the world for getting out of a bad spot, but they'll shun it for something that handles like a boat. It might keep you safe in a crash, but it's not going to keep you from having one in the first place.

Everything is a trade off - in this case, consumers sacrifice safety for comfort every day. Sloppy suspension, automatic transmissions, and fifty cup holders. I personally don't mind driving around in a six-point harness in a full enclosure seat. They have excellent posture and fatigue resistance. I find the additional fine tactile input from the car very reassuring.

Also, imagine what the forces on the axle would do to it. Not pretty.

Whataloadof: Good idea and you can expand this even further.
I can see where under computer control and an appropriate sensor package, the toe-in / toe-out, caster, camber, shock performance, and suspension torsion of a high performance vehicle may very well improve the braking and steering of a vehicle in almost any situation. Lamborghini makes a four-wheel drive truck that is several hundred thousand dollars. They might utilize your idea.

For instance: A truck is traversing a dirt road following a gas pipeline at night and in snow conditions. Suddenly a steep downward grade is encountered which was hidden by the environmental conditions. The driver does their best to keep the vehicle on the high points of the deteriorated roadway, but the road is too rough and the total duration of the incident too short for the driver to be able to respond adequately and so there is significant risk for capsizing the vehicle.

A vehicle with an independently and dynamically configurable suspension could better control the tires to grip the available surfaces; like your hand grips a basketball. The tires could in-effect, wrap around high spots, better control vehicle inertia, decrease the risks associated with tire/road slippage, as well as moments of inertia related to capsizing.

Excellent idea.